FERROALLOYS

Ferroalloys are produced generally by two methods: in a blast furnace or in an electric arc furnace. Blast furnace production continuously decreased during the 20th century, whereas the electric arc production is still increasing. More commonly, ferroalloys are produced by carbothermic reactions, involving reduction of oxides with carbon (as coke) in the presence of iron. Some ferroalloys are produced by the addition of elements into molten iron. It is also possible to produce some ferroalloys by direct reduction processes. They are added to steel to improve properties like strength, ductility and fatigue or corrosion resistance.

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